John III Sobieski (Polish: Jan III Sobieski, Lithuanian: Jonas Sobieskis) (17 August 1629 – 17 June 1696) was one of the most notable monarchs of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, from 1674 until his death King of Poland andGrand Duke of Lithuania. Sobieski's 22-year-reign was marked by a period of the Commonwealth's stabilization, much needed after the turmoil of the Delugeand Khmelnytsky Uprising.[1] Popular among his subjects, he was an able military commander, most famous for the victory over the Turks in the 1683Battle of Vienna.[2] Following his victories over the Ottoman Empire, he was called by the Turks the "Lion of Lechistan" and held as the saviour of European Christendom by the pope.[3]
The Battle of Vienna (German: Schlacht am Kahlenberg, Polish: Bitwa pod Wiedniem or Odsiecz Wiedeńska, Turkish: İkinci Viyana Kuşatması,Ukrainian: Віденська відсіч / Viděns'ka Vidsič) took place on 11 and 12 September[8] 1683 after Vienna had been besieged by the Ottoman Empirefor two months. It was a battle of the Holy Roman Empire in league with thePolish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (Holy League) versus the Ottoman Empire and fiefdoms of the Ottoman Empire at the Kahlenberg mountain near Vienna. The battle marked the beginning of the political hegemony of the Habsburg dynasty in the Holy Roman Empire and Central Europe.
The battle was won by the combined forces of the Holy Roman Empire and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. The forces of the Holy Roman Empire were led by Ernst Rüdiger Graf von Starhemberg subordinate of Leopold I Habsburg, Holy Roman Emperor. Command of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, as well as overall command, was held by the King of Poland,Jan III Sobieski.
The alliance fought the army of the Ottoman Empire and those of Ottoman fiefdoms commanded by Grand Vizier Merzifonlu Kara Mustafa Pasha. The siege itself began on 14 July 1683, by the Ottoman Empire army of approximately 150,000 men.[9] The besieging force was composed of 60 ortas of Janissaries (12,000 men paper strength) with an observation army of c.70,000[10] men watching the countryside. The decisive battle took place on 12 September, after the united relief army of approximately 80,000 men had arrived.WERE IT NOT FOR POLES LIKE POPE JP2 AND LECH WALESA EUROPE MIGHT STILL BE UNDER SOVIET DOMINATION.
WERE IT NOT FOR JAN SOBIESKI, EUROPE MIGHT HAVE BEEN ISLAMIC FOR FOR CENTURIES BEFORE 9/11/01.
AND WOMEN LIKE JOANNA KRUPA - A POLISH-AMERICAN - MIGHT BE HAVE BEEN CONSIGNED TO SECOND-CLASS EXISTENCE UNDER A BURQA AND UNDER ISLAMO-MISOGYNISTIC SHARIA LAW.
WE MUST'NT EVER LET THAT HAPPEN.
I'LL LET KRUPA'S IMAGES PROVE WHY SHE IS AND MUST REMAIN GUARANTEED NOT HALAL:
2 comments:
don't forget kosciuszko
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko
Let's have more on Joana rather than more on misogyny . . .
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